What do system access controls limit based on user rights?

System access controls are critical mechanisms that restrict access to resources and data based on the rights and permissions assigned to users. The primary purpose of these controls is to ensure that individuals have appropriate access to sensitive information based on their role within the organization. This means users are granted access only to the data necessary for them to perform their job functions, while limiting exposure to sensitive or critical information that is not relevant to their work.

By implementing access controls that take user rights into account, organizations can significantly enhance their security posture. This approach minimizes the risk of unauthorized access and potential data breaches. For instance, a standard user may only have access to basic operational data, while an administrator may have broader access that includes sensitive configuration settings and user information.

In contrast, the other options reflect aspects of network management and security, but they do not directly pertain to how access controls function in relation to user rights. Network speed and performance, tracking user activities, and encryption are important considerations in network security and management, but they do not encapsulate the primary role that access controls play in regulating data access based on user permissions.