What technology uses electromagnetic waves for automatic identification and tracking of objects?

RFID, or Radio Frequency Identification, is a technology that utilizes electromagnetic waves for the automatic identification and tracking of objects. Essentially, RFID systems consist of a reader and RFID tags. The reader emits radio waves, which activate the tags. The tags then send back information to the reader, allowing for identification and tracking without the need for direct contact or line of sight.

This ability to function wirelessly and efficiently makes RFID highly suitable for applications in various fields like inventory management, supply chain logistics, and asset tracking, where monitoring the movement and status of items is essential. Other technologies listed, such as WiMAX, Bluetooth, and ZigBee, have different use cases primarily related to data communication rather than specifically focused on object identification and tracking through electromagnetic waves.