What type of access control can preventive controls include?

Preventive controls are designed to avoid security incidents before they occur, and they encompass a wide range of measures to ensure that access to systems and information is restricted to authorized users only. The correct answer highlights that preventive controls can be classified into physical, administrative, or technical categories.

Physical access controls protect the physical assets of an organization, such as buildings and hardware, through measures like locks, security guards, and surveillance systems. Administrative access controls involve policies and procedures established by an organization to manage how data and resources are accessed and used, including user training, background checks, and security policies.

Technical access controls consist of technological solutions that restrict access to information systems, such as firewalls, encryption, and authentication protocols. By utilizing a combination of these three types of controls, organizations can create a robust framework for preventing unauthorized access, thus addressing various aspects of security comprehensively.

This understanding underscores the importance of an integrated approach to access control, which is essential for building an effective security posture.