Which authorization type provides access to resources indirectly?

Implicit authorization is the correct choice because it refers to a method of granting access based on a user's roles or group memberships rather than through specific permissions set individually for each resource. In this context, when a user belongs to a certain group with predefined rights, they gain access to resources indirectly through that membership, without needing distinct permissions for each resource itself.

This contrasts with explicit authorization, where direct permission is granted to a user for specific resources. Direct authorization clearly outlines which individuals have access to particular objects or systems based on their unique identifiers. Centralized authorization refers to a system where all decisions regarding access are managed from a single point, which does not inherently imply indirect access. Thus, the concept of implicit authorization relies on assumptions made about a user's capabilities based on their affiliations rather than direct permissions set on specific resources.